Travellers arriving in Swaziland within six days of having been in a yellow fever infected area require a vaccination certificate. Cholera and typhoid vaccinations are recommended, as are malaria prevention measures for those visiting the lowland areas. Hepatitis B and bilharzia are highly endemic. There is an extremely high HIV/AIDs infection rate. Mains water in hotels and towns is safe to drink and food, including dairy products, presents no risk. Medical facilities are poor in the country, but the tourist hotels offer private services for minor problems. Serious cases can be transported to South Africa for treatment. Medical insurance is recommended.