Traveller’s diarrhoea is the most common complaint and precautions should be taken with regard to food and drink. Tap water should be avoided. There is a risk of malaria throughout the country and prophylaxis is recommended for all travellers. Recommended vaccinations include Hepatitis A and B, typhoid, yellow fever, polio, meningococcal diseases and rabies. There are regular outbreaks of cholera, particularly between December and June. Visitors should avoid bathing in stagnant, fresh water due to the risk of bilharzia. HIV/AIDS is prevalent. Medical facilities are very limited with frequent shortages of medication and outdated equipment; visitors should ensure they have comprehensive medical insurance, which includes emergency air evacuation. Doctors and hospitals generally expect immediate cash payment